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Analysis of Cerebral Bioelectrical Activity During the Compression Phase of a Saturation Dive

Lucio PastenaPh.D.,

Giovanni MainnardiM.D.,

Fabio FaralliM.D., and

Riccardo GagliardiM.D.

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 70: Issue 3

Online Publication Date: Mar 01, 1999

DOI:

Page Range: 270 – 276

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Fig. 2.; Joint reaction forces across all postures and helmet conditions. A single asterisk denotes significant differences at P < 0.05, double asterisks P < 0.01, and triple asterisks P < 0.001. A) Compression. The dashed horizontal line indicates 10% of the estimated compressive tolerance (390 N) of the C5-C6 functional spinal unit (3.9 kN). B) Anteroposterior shear acting on C5. These can be thought of as the required anteriorly directed force sustained by the joint to prevent C5 from accelerating posteriorly. The bold dashed line (50 N) indicates 10% of the estimated shear tolerance (500 N) of the C5-C6 functional spinal unit. C) Mediolateral shear.

Jeff M. Barrett,

Colin D. McKinnon,

Clark R. Dickerson,

Andrew C. Laing, and

Jack P. Callaghan

Fig. 2.

Joint reaction forces across all postures and helmet conditions. A single asterisk denotes significant differences at P < 0.05, double asterisks P < 0.01, and triple asterisks P < 0.001. A) Compression. The dashed horizontal line indicates 10% of the estimated compressive tolerance (390 N) of the C5-C6 functional spinal unit (3.9 kN). B) Anteroposterior shear acting on C5. These can be thought of as the required anteriorly directed force sustained by the joint to prevent C5 from accelerating posteriorly. The bold dashed line (50 N) indicates 10% of the estimated shear tolerance (500 N) of the C5-C6 functional spinal unit. C) Mediolateral shear.

Posture and Helmet Configuration Effects on Joint Reaction Loads in the Middle Cervical Spine

Jeff M. Barrett,

Colin D. McKinnon,

Clark R. Dickerson,

Andrew C. Laing, and

Jack P. Callaghan

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 93: Issue 5

Online Publication Date: May 01, 2022

DOI: 10.3357/AMHP.5830.2022

Page Range: 458 – 466

. 7 , 43 Investigations into chronic neck pain, helmeted occupations, and electromyography (EMG) of both the superficial and deep musculature of the neck have found modest increases in muscle activity (2–3% maximum voluntary exertion) from donning NVGs. 29 , 37 However, these authors have yet to contextualize these findings with respect to direct mechanical exposures, such as cervical joint compression or shear forces. To date, there have been few investigations aiming to quantify the loads on the cervical spine with helmet conditions. Snijders et al

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